Mertcan Bulak
@MBulak
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Ağustos 2020 tarihinde katıldı
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The Society of Jesus dominated the Christian mission in Japan until the end of the sixteenth century. Their work met with remarkable success. In 1577 one Jesuit wrote optimistically, “In ten years all Japan will be Christian if we have enough missionaries.” Two years later the Jesuits did establish a new town as a home for Christian converts. They called it Nagasaki. Before the end of the century, missionaries could count three hundred thousand converts, hundreds of churches, and two Christian colleges.
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One well-known story has it that Cortes left the strictest instructions in one town that the citizens were to worship the Christian God and to care for one of his horses, which was lame. The natives faithfully obeyed. They fed the horse fruit and flowers until it died; they supposed that the horse and the Christian God were the same. Later two Franciscans discovered that the natives had made an image of the horse and were worshiping it as the god of thunder and lightning.
In a famous debate held at Valladolid on the Yucatan Peninsula in 1550, Las Casas argued for the equality and freedom of the Native Americans. The only way to convert them, he said, was by peaceful preaching of the Word and by the example of holy living. His opponent was a theologian, Juan Gines de Sepulveda, who used Aristotle’s argument that certain peoples are by nature born to slavery. “The Spanish,” he said, “are as much above the Indians as man is above the ape.” So despite Las Casas’s best effort, Christian imperialism and slavery continued in the New World.
Spain’s first policy toward the indigenous population, called encomienda , granted the Spanish colonists a number of natives who were supposed to toil in the mines and on the plantations of their captors. For their trouble the natives received protection and instruction in the holy faith.
To avoid rivalry between Portugal and Spain, the pope drew a line on the map from the North Pole to the South, just west of the Azores. All to the west of the line, he said, belonged to Spain; all to the east belonged to Portugal. That boundary explains why Brazil is a Portuguese-speaking country today and the rest of Latin America is Spanish. And why no Spanish colonies appeared in Africa or Asia.