Mertcan Bulak
@MBulak
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Ağustos 2020 tarihinde katıldı
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Donatist charges centered on the fact that certain Catholic bishops had handed over the Scriptures to be burned during the persecution under Diocletian. Such an act, the Donatists insisted, was a sin of apostasy and disqualified the offender from church leadership. Since the Catholic priests were ordained by bishops who had sinned so grievously (and thus were not legitimate), the Donatists believed they, rather than the Catholics, constituted the true church of Christ.
The first form of monasticism was the lonely hermit. The word hermit comes from the Greek word for “desert” and is a reminder that the monastic flight from the world began in Egypt, where a short journey either east or west from the narrow ribbon of Nile fertility would put the monk in a rigorous desert.
The Reformation of the sixteenth century struck a heavy blow against monasticism. Martin Luther, who had himself been a monk, declared war on the cloister. Monasticism, said Luther and the other Reformers, encourages the idea of two roads to God, a higher and a lower. But the gospel knows only one way to salvation. It is by faith alone in the Lord Jesus Christ.
This monophysite (one nature) teaching was an important factor contributing to the breaking away of certain churches from the rest of Eastern Orthodoxy. Coupled with the decline of Byzantine power in the outlying areas of the Eastern Empire, monophysite (more precisely, non-Chalcedonian) doctrine led to the Coptic Church, the largest Christian body in Egypt today, the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, the largest in Ethiopia, and the Jacobite Church of Syria, which has most of its adherents in South India.
So against Arius the church affirmed that Jesus was truly God, and against Apollinaris that he was truly man. Against Eutyches it confessed that Jesus’ deity and humanity were not changed into something else, and against Nestorius that Jesus was not divided but was one person.