Mertcan Bulak
@MBulak
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Ağustos 2020 tarihinde katıldı
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Three sins in particular—sexual immorality, murder, and the denial of the faith (apostasy)—were considered forgivable by God, but never by the church. The penalty for any one of these was exclusion from the fellowship of the church and deprivation of the Lord’s Supper.
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Because he believed that the God of the Old Testament loved the Jews exclusively, Marcion rejected the entire Old Testament and also those new covenant writings that he thought favored Jewish readers—for example, Matthew, Mark, Acts, and Hebrews
Marcion’s selectively Christian views were firmly repudiated by the church in Rome, and Marcion was excommunicated from the church in AD 144. Before long, however, Marcionite churches appeared, modeled on orthodox congregations. They had their own ministers and rituals. For example, they did not use wine at communion, as a result of their ascetic emphasis. Some of the Marcionite beliefs spilled over into the various Gnostic sects, and Marcionites were themselves affected by Gnostic views.
Believers in the eastern portion of the Roman Empire, nearest Palestine, tended to accept the Palestinian Canon. In the West, the influential Augustine, the well-known bishop of Hippo, embraced the Apocrypha as part of Scripture. So Christians in the West tended to accept the Apocrypha. During the sixteenth-century Reformation, most Protestants rejected the Apocrypha. The Roman Catholic Church, following Augustine, accepted the books. And that is how the churches differ to this day.
The Greek translation of the Old Testament called the Septuagint, which was known in Jesus’ time, included the books of the Hebrew canon and some additional books as well. Protestants call these additional books the Apocrypha, or more generically the deuterocanonical books (meaning of secondary canonical status). Greek translations of the Old Testament were made in the city of Alexandria, so this larger canon, including the Apocrypha, is called the Alexandrian Canon.
When Christians retained the Old Testament for their own use, they did not settle completely just which books this included. To this day Christians differ over the inclusion or rejection of the so-called Apocrypha (from Greek for “hidden away”) in the Old Testament list of books. The term stands for twelve or fifteen books, depending upon how you group them, that Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox accept as canonical and most Protestants reject
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