Contemporary production management has its roots in the Industrial Revolution that occurred during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries in England. Until that time, goods had been produced in small shops by artisans and their apprentices without the aid of mechanical equipment. In the early 1900s Frederick W. Taylor approached the management of work as a science. Based on observation, measurement, and analysis, he identified the best method for performing each job. From the Industrial Revolution through the 1960s, the United States was the world’ greatest producer of goods and services, as well as the major source of managerial and technical expertise.
However, in the 1970s and 1980s the U.S. manufacturing superiority was challenged by lower costs and higher quality from foreign manufacturers led by Japan. The Japanese manufacturers started to dominate many industries. In 1990s by the emergence of Internet, the way of making business and the production systems were affected deeply. Production management has changed dramatically over the years. More and more activities are taking place outside the enterprise in factories, distribution centers, offices and storesoverseas, therefore companies need to develop skills in coordinating operations across a global supply chain.
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