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"Charles Darwin. Both carried a high ideological charge. In the form of racism, whose central role in the nineteenth century cannot be overemphasized, biology was essential to a theoretically egalitarian bourgeois ideology, since it passed the blame for visible human inequalities from society to ‘nature’ (see The Age of Capital, chapter 14, II). The poor were poor because born inferior. Hence biology was not only potentially the science of the political right, but the science of those who suspected science, reason and progress. Few thinkers were more sceptical of the mid-nineteenth-century verities, including science, than the philosopher Nietzsche. Yet his own writings, and notably his most ambitious work, The Will to Power,17 can be read as a variant of Social Darwinism, a discourse conducted in the language of ‘natural selection’, in this instance selection destined to produce a new race of ‘superman’ who will dominate human inferiors as man in nature dominates and exploits brute creation." (from "Age Of Empire: 1875-1914" by Eric Hobsbawm)
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