Item: İnsanın Anlam Arayışı
Author: Bergüzar

Bergüzar

@Vaveylla·

26 Mart 2020 21:38

176 syf.

· Kitabı okudu

Puan vermedi

29 günde okudu

Kitabın dili ve biraz da araştırma ödevimle alakalı olduğu için bu inceleme İngilizce olacak, umarım sonrasında güzel bir inceleme daha yazabilirim, tabi ki Türkçe olarak... Ilgilisine ve meraklısına güzel ve açıklayıcı bir özet şeklinde bir inceleme olduğunu düşünüyorum. (Özet derken... Sanırım o kadar da özet değil. :’) ) Şunu da belirtmek istiyorum yine de, bu kitabı okurken o sıralarda hayatın anlamıyla ilgili araştırma yapan ve rapor yazacak bir arkadaşım vardı. Ama yazdıkları intihar, düşüncesi ve buna meyiili (suicidal) insanlardan oluşuyordu nerdeyse. Aslında kitabın başında, ön sözde Frankl'ın “Neden intihar etmiyorsunuz?” sorusu yer alır. Bu da zaten anlam arayışında ilk basamaklardan birinde olduğumuzun, aslında verdiğimiz cevaplarla da bir kapıyı araladığımızın, hatta bazen ardına kadar açabildiğimizin farkına varmamız içindir. Anlam ve ölümün işte bu kadar yakın, bu kadar iç içe olduğunu hissettirmişti bu da bana. Bu incelemeyi o arkadaşım için yapmak istemiştim. MAN'S SEARCH FOR MEANING Man's search for meaning was written by psychiatrist and neurologist Victor E. Frankl (1905-1997). It was first published in German in 1946 just one year after the end of World War II. The book consists of two parts and a postscript, the first part is "Experiences in a Concentration Camp" which is autobigraphical, a story of author's life. His observations and experiences of the Holocaust, while he was in Auschwitz. The second part which is the part that includes one of Frankl's theory "Lagotheraphy in a Nutshell". What is Lagotheraphy and what its diffrences from psychoanalysis? And the postscript's name is "The Case for a Tragic Optimism". In the first part, Frankl mentioned about three stages that for people who are in the camp process. These are the period fallowing his admission, the period when he is well entenched in camp routine; and the period fallowing his release and liberation. It starts with Frankl's own admission, coming to Auschwitz- the very name that stood for all that was horrible: gas chambers, crematoriums, massacres. It continues with terrible memories, sicknesses, deaths. For this much pain or more or less ,because it is relative that how much you suffer, he said "a man's suffering is similar to behavior of gas. If a certain quantity of gas is pumped into an empty chamber, it will fill the chamber completely and evenly, no matter how big the chamber. Thus suffering completely fills the human soul and conscious mind, no matter whether suffering is great or little." (pg. 55) So, there is a pain, maybe there is a cause of suicide for some people who could not handle with it or the cause of getting senseless but isn't it possible to get used to or cope with them? For an answer of this question Frankl said in the book like that: "If someone now asked of us the truth of Dostoyevsky's statement that flatly defines man as a being who can get used to anything, we would reply, 'Yes, a man can get used to everything, but do not ask us how.'" (pg. 30) And Frankl is fond of quoting Neitzsche, "He who has a why to live can bear with almost any how." So, suffering is not such a bad thing as it is thought even it can be a reason to live and an aim, again with Frankl's words "If there is a meaning in life at all, then there must be a meaning in suffering. Suffering is an ineradicable part of life, even as fate and death. Without suffering and death human life cannot be completed." (pg. 76) As Rilke said "Wie viel ist aufzuleiden!" (How much suffering there is to get through!) Despite all this pain, crying is not a sign for weakness. He uderlined this with saying "There was no need to be ashamed of tears, for tears bore witness that a man had the gratest of courage, the courage to suffer." (pg. 86) But this is not realized by many of them. Then they are released in some way, they came to meadows full of flowers but they had no feelings about them because they had literally lost the ability to feel pleased and had to learn it slowly. Psychologically, what was happening to the liberated prisoners could be called "depersonalization." In the second part he mentioned about lagotherapy. So, what is that? It is a meaning centered psychotherapy. In comparison with psychoanalysis, this is a method that less retrospective and less introspective. Lagothreapy focuses rather on the future, that is to say, on the meanings to be fulfilled by the patient in his future. At the same time, logotherapy defocuses all the vicious-circle formations and feedback mechanisms which play such a great role in the development of neuroses. Thus, the typical self-centeredness of the neurotic is broken up instead of being continually fostered and reinforced. In lagothreapy the patient is actually confronted with and reoriented toward the meaning of life. And to make him aware of this meaning can contribute much to his ability to overcome his neurosis. According to logothreaphy, this striving to find a meaning in one's life is the primary motivational force in man. In contrast to the will to pleasure on which Freudian psychoanalysis is centered, and to the will to power on which Adlerian psychology is focused. And lastly in the postscript, Frankl mentioned about the tragic optimisim. He defines tragic optimism as optimism in the face of “pain, guilt, and death,” or “saying yes to life in spite of everything.” This kind of optimist believes that man can make suffering meaningful, use guilt as motivation to improve oneself, and interpret the “transitoriness” of life as a reason to find responsibility and meaning.But he also added that in no way of suffering is necessary to find meaning. He only insist that meaning is possible even in spite of suffering—provided, certainly, that the suffering is unavoidable. If it were avoidable, however, the meaningful thing to do would be to remove its cause, be it psychological, biological or political. “To suffer unnecessarily is masochistic rather than heroic.” (pg. 148) So, what I have learned from that book is seeing everything as a way to live. There are difficulties and problems in every life but these make the life meaningful and as a life that worth to live. Yes, they can enrich the meaning of life but the meaning of life is not just consist of them. Also I think suffering means feeling, it is a proof of being alive and our existence. In many part of the life pain and sorrow are came across by people who want to feel deep or vise versa people who want to live as superficially. What I am trying to say that every kind of person have to experienced these emotions, situations, that is why the meaning has to be found and counted as a prize. What makes us 'us' ,as the way we like, is what we choose to deal with which kind of pains to have.

İnsanın Anlam ArayışıViktor E. Frankl · Okuyan Us Yayın · 202335,8bin okunma

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