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Choose Your Friends Delicious
Perhaps the most famous modern example of human cannibalism was dramatized in the movie Alive (1993). In 1972 a plane crash stranded members of a Uruguayan rugby team and their friends high in the Andes Mountains. In desperation, the survivors resorted to cannibalism of the crash victims as they lived for more than two months far from any source of food until their incredible rescue. But it is not just in acute crises like this that modern humans have been known to eat each other. The behaviour also occurs where there is chronic protein shortage.
As we look back to the distant, pre-agricultural past, access to meat would have depended on the season, success in the hunt, location of wild herds and other factors beyond human control. A parallel can be drawn with the South Fore people of Papua New Guinea, as documented in a classic anthropological study from the 1960s by Shirley Lindenbaum and published as Kuru Sorcery (1978). The South Fore area is very remote, and it is where both traditional subsistence practices and cannibalism lasted longer than elsewhere in the region. When someone died from causes other than an infectious disease, practically the entire body would be consumed after dismemberment using bamboo and stone tools. This took place in highly ritualized ways designed to honour the dead and their families, with particular body parts reserved for close relatives. The practice only came to an end when the South Fore people suffered an epidemic of a prion disease similar to Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (the human version of ‘mad cow’ disease), contracted from the consumption of human brains.
