An Introduction to the Linguistic and Literary Background of J. R. R. Tolkien's Fiction
Languages, Myths and History
Elizabeth SolopovaLanguages, Myths and History Sözleri ve Alıntıları
Languages, Myths and History sözleri ve alıntılarını, Languages, Myths and History kitap alıntılarını, Languages, Myths and History en etkileyici cümleleri ve paragragları 1000Kitap'ta bulabilirsiniz.Tolkien
Tolkien held a belief that there was a connection between languages and mythologies throughout his career. In 'A Secret Vice', he observed that 'for perfect construction of an art-language it is found necessary to construct at least in outline a mythology concomitant', and that the construction of a language 'will breed a mythology'.
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Beowulf
Many features of Bilbo's adventures in The Hobbit, such as his title 'thief', the episodes with the stolen cup, the path under the mountain, leading into the dragon's layer, Smaug's personality, his rage and the destruction of a nearby town, are all examples of plot elements which appear in Beowulf.
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Tolkien explained that mythology is what gives a language an 'individual flavour'.
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'Mind must be harder, spirit must be bolder,
And heart the greater, as our might grows less'
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Seamus Heaney'in Beowulf çevirisinden:
the old dawn-scorching serpent's den
packed with goblets and vessels from the past,
tarnished and corroding. Rusty helmets
all eaten away.
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Tolkien commented that a story which he started to write in 1914, based on the narrative about Kullervo from the Finnish national epic Kalevala, was the 'germ' of his attempts to write legends.
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Karanlık güçler ile Hun benzetmesi
In LOTR, the men of Gondor and their allies fight against what is described as the forces of darkness, monsters and beasts, such as the Lord of the Nazgul, the legions of Morgul and the mumakil.
There is a tradition of portraying the Huns in a similar way, as a blindly destructive, irrational force, an embodiment of evil and a threat to the civilised world.
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In 'A Secret Vice', he wrote about the desirability of an artificial language for international communication. The comments he made late in life, however, were more negative.
In 1956, in a draft letter to Mr. Thompson, he wrote: 'Volapük, Esperanto, Ido, Novial, etc etc are dead, far deader than ancient unused languages, because their authors never invented any Esperanto legends'.
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The term 'the problem of evil' applies to philosophical debates about the origin of evil, its nature, its role in the world and what should be one's response to it. The answer to these questions, (...), is that evil is the absence of perversion of good. It does not exist and cannot be defined independently of good.
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Humans possess free will which is essential for their nature as moral beings. Evil arises when they use their free will to reject good and is absent when they choose good.
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