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If we were all equally sensitive to a virus, the whole of mankind could be wiped out by a single epidemic. We are 4.5 thousand million unique individuals so as to face possible hazards.
While in lower organisms, behavior is strictly determined by the genetic program, in complex metazoa the genetic program becomes less constraining, more "open" as Ernst Mayr puts it, in the sense that is not lay down behavioral instructions in great detail but rather permits some choice and allows for a certain freedom of response.
It is indeed difficult to figure out how a process that results in the shortening of life can be favored by natural selection. For if there is no specific death mechanism, one would imagine that slow deterioration of the organism should prevail over rapid deterioration. To avoid this paradox, Peter Medawar and George Williams have attempted to link senescence with the fact that selective pressure can operate only in the prereproductive period of the organism's life.
(Ölüme popülasyonun bir çıkarı olacak şekilde adaptif bir fenomen olarak bakmak.)
Some of the most dramatic events in evolution resulted from a change by which sexual maturity was achieved at an earlier developmental stage, so that previously embryonic characteristics were retarded in the adult, while previously adult characteristics were lost. İt is now widely admitted that this process played an important role in the path that led to man.
(...) Humans resemble young apes much more than adult apes.
(...) The retention of fetal patterns of gene expression during childhood probably made possible the evolution of such typically human features as small jaws and canine teeth, naked skin and upright posture. Furthermore, this retardation matrix with extended childhood appears to be closely associated with other marks of the hominization process.