Mertcan Bulak
@MBulak
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Ağustos 2020 tarihinde katıldı
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Foucault's intellectual fire harks back to the early pyrotechnical tradition in anarchism which prefers explosive outburst to cool analysis. He once confessed: ‘I would like my books to be … Molotov cocktails or minefields; I would like them to self-destruct after use, like fireworks.’
When accepting the Nobel prize in 1957 (refused by Sartre), Camus’ speech was interrupted by an Algerian student who asked him why he did not condemn the use of torture in Algeria. Camus replied that he loved justice, but if he had to choose between justice and his mother, he would choose his mother. It was the very opposite of Godwin’s stance: Godwin had asked what magic there is in the word ‘my’ to overturn the dictates of everlasting justice. By choosing his mother before justice, Camus by extension chose his tribe, his nation and his race.
Sartre argued that Stalinism had been a necessary evil and that Russian Communism could still become more democratic. Camus, on the other hand, insisted in the Franc-Tireur in February 1957 that there is no possible evolution in a totalitarian society: ‘Terror does not evolve except towards a worse terror, the scaffold grows no more liberal, the gallows are not tolerant. Nowhere in the world has there been a party or a man with absolute power that did not use it absolutely.’
The first step of the estranged spirit is to recognize that he or she shares such estrangement with all human beings. Rebellion therefore takes the individual out of solitude: ‘I rebel, therefore we are.’
Camus’ distinction between revolution and rebellion directly echoes Stirner’s between revolution and insurrection. Revolution changes little since it merely substitutes one set of masters for another, whereas rebellion may change human nature by creating a new metaphysics and morals.