Machine learning is based on the idea that systems can learn from large quantities of data (using training data sets) and improve from new experiences. They are used to identify patterns, trends and make decisions with minimal human assistance or intervention. Real world examples are online recommendations by Netflix and Amazon.
Neural networks are a set of algorithms, modelled loosely after the human brain. They can be trained to classify multimedia objects into known categories. Decision making processes in business areas can be made efficiently such as in real time fraud detection, targeted marketing and quality control.
Deep learning uses multiple layers of neural networks to reveal complex patterns in large amounts of data. Common neural networks and deep learning applications include computer vision, speech recognition, facial recognition and language translation.