Finally, argued Bolsheviks, Islam’s insistence on dividing the world between believers and nonbelievers ruled out fraternization among different peoples of the Soviet Union as equals—thus hindering the creation of the New Socialist Person, who would transcend his or her religious, ethnic, and racial background to build a socialist order.
The ruling party and state coordinated anti-Islamic education and propaganda with literacy drives and reorganized popular socio-economic activities. They focused on winning a few converts to scientific atheism in each village, with a view to using them as models of rationalism and modern thinking. These efforts went hand in hand with steps to weaken and destroy the extensive religious networks of mosques and theological institutions, and their financial support—the religious trust properties, which were nationalized. (In Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk followed a similar path, except that there were no parallel literacy campaigns and no ideological ballast of historical materialism or scientific atheism; it had more to do with destroying the possibility that the Sultan-Caliph would return on the backs of revived Islamic institutions and clerics.)
Sayfa 393
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195 görüntüleme
"As in Turkey, the proscription of the Arabic script in the Soviet Union in 1929 struck at the root of Islamic scriptures and commentaries, making the surviving clergy totally dependent on the religious material that the Soviet authorities deemed fit to be published in the Cyrillic or Roman script. During the second phase of the anti-religious campaign in the early 1930s, the Union of Atheists transformed the places of worship into museums, places of entertainment, or factories, and encouraged Muslim women to burn their veils in public, which they did in the thousands."
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