Avrupa Evrenselciliği Gönderileri
Avrupa Evrenselciliği kitaplarını, Avrupa Evrenselciliği sözleri ve alıntılarını, Avrupa Evrenselciliği yazarlarını, Avrupa Evrenselciliği yorumları ve incelemelerini 1000Kitap'ta bulabilirsiniz.We can never understand the detail if we do not understand the pertinent whole, since we can never otherwise appreciate exactly what is changing, how it is changing, and why it is changing. Historicizing is not the opposite of systematizing. One cannot systematize without seizing the historical parameters of the whole, of the unit of analysis. And therefore one cannot historicize in a void, as though everything were not part of some large systemic whole. All systems are historic, and all of history is systematic.
A Lesson: Even a complete assimilation may not be solution.
After the decline of the argument in favor of the right to inter-vene, its avatar, Orientalism, worked for a while—convincing, at least partially, both Western cadres and those being domi-nated, especially the cadres in those zones being dominated. The latter were initially lured by the model of a “modernization” that was in practice “Westernization,” and fl attered by the egalitarian pretensions of the doctrine (culturally, anyone could be a West-erner; it was simply a matter of education and will). As the de-cades went by, however, those who were being “assimilated” and thereby becoming Westerners, even Christians, discovered that their assimilation did not in fact lead, as promised, to equality— political, economic, and above all social equality. Hence, by the twentieth century, the utility of Orientalism as a mode of justif i -cation also began to wear thin.
The modern world-system could not have been created and institutionalized without the use of force to expand its bound-aries and control large segments of its population. Nonetheless, superior, even overwhelming force has never been enough to es-tablish lasting dominance. The powerful have always needed to gain some degree of legitimacy for the advantages and privileges that came with dominance.
Evolution of the structures of knowledge is simply a part of—and an important part of—the evolution of the modern world-system. The structural crisis of one is the structural crisis of the other. The battle for the future will be fought on both fronts.
—The Modern World— System has operated extremely efficiently and successfully in terms of its guiding objective for some four to fi ve hundred years. It has been able to achieve an absolutely extraordinary expansion of technology and wealth, but it has been able to do this only at the cost of an ever increasing polarization of the world-system between an upper 20 percent and a bottom 80 percent—a polarization that has been at one and the same time economic, political, social, and cultural.
The fundamental principle of a capitalist world-economy is the endless accumulation of capital.