Comparative Theories and Methods Between Uniplexity and Multiplexity

Recep Şentürk

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Ilm al Umran is based on a ... social metaphysics; and it is a kind of ontology in terms of discussing the essential attributes of the society. This ontology is different than the ontology that deals with existence from the point of view of existence because of the fact that it examines a sociohistorical realm as a unit of analysis that has never been realized before by the metaphysicians (Görgün cited by Sunar-Yaslıçimen 2008:419).
Sayfa 372 - Ihu
The subject of a science is not the essence (jawhar) of civilization but the attributes (awarid) of civilization which are attached to its essence. Accordingly, the subject of the science of umran, which was founded by İbn Khaldun, is the occurrences that emerge in a civilization. As you can see, al-umran and its attributes belong to the intangible world of occurrences( alam- al- hawadisth) which is a socially constructed level of existence ( Şentürk- Nizamuddin 2008:19). with reference to its internal meaning, al Umran is a comprehensive science, which explains the reasons of beings and dissolutions that take place in the world of occurences.
Sayfa 374 - ihu
Reklam
“Man acts as though he were the shaper and master of language, while in fact language remains the master of man. ” ― Martin Heidegger poetry language thought
Ihu
"The social scientist studies a world, the social world, which is constituted as meaningful by those who produce and reproduce it in their activities -human subjects. To describe human behaviour in a valid way is in principle to be able to participate in the forms of life which constitute, and are constituted by, that behaviour. This is already a hermeneutic task. But social science is itself a 'form of life', with its own technical concepts. Hermeneutics hence enters into the social sciences on two, related levels..." (Giddens 1982: 7)
Sayfa 343 - Ihu
A brief example may be useful for further clarifying the idea of the hermeneutic circle. Consider, for instance, the task of understanding a paragraph in any piece of writing. The paragraph in question must, of course, be understood by means of understanding the individual sentences that make up that paragraph. On the other hand, it is often the case that the meaning of individual sentences in a paragraph becomes clear only when we already have an understanding of what the paragraph as a whole is trying to convey, or what the paragraph is "driving at," or what is the "direction" of the entire paragraph. Similar part/whole dialectics constituting the hermeneutic circle may be seen to operate between words and sentences, paragraphs and chapters, chapters and the book, individual books written by an author and the author's complete oeuvre, authorial oeuvre and the genre to which a specific oeuvre may belong, and so on (Prasad 2002: 18)."
Sayfa 342 - Ihu
3. Hermeneutic Circle In order to achieve a full understanding of a text or any cultural artifact from a particular culture, one has to understand that culture as a whole and, in turn, to understand that particular culture as a whole one has to understand the meanings of individual cultural products. This circular relationship between a part and a whole is known as the hermeneutical circle. It can be applied to many things: relationship between a sentence and a paragraph, a paragraph and a chapter, a chapter and a book, individual and society and so on.
Sayfa 341 - Ihu