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The events of Ragnarok are inevitable and there is nothing the gods can do to prevent them happening. This is despite the strength of Thor and Odin’s continuous quest for wisdom and knowledge. This presents the gods in a strangely vulnerable light as beings who, despite their supernatural powers, are as bound by the same power of fate (Old Norse urðr) as humans. The only comfort appears to be that the world will start anew – albeit with a new generation of gods.
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...aspects of these northern beliefs can still be identified outside Scandinavia: from the English words for ‘thunder’ and ‘Thursday’ (both containing the Old English form of the Old Norse name Thor) and Wednesday (meaning ‘Woden/Odin’s day’), to place names that record the worship of these Scandinavian deities in England, such as the name of the Wansdyke (Woden/Odin’s dyke) earthwork in Wiltshire and the many Grim’s Ditches (formed from the word grima, ‘the masked one’, another name for Woden/Odin).
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After Ragnarök
Then I see a second earth rising from the great sea. It will be green, with
waterfalls and eagles flying over it as they hunt for fish within the mountain
rivers. And then the Æsir (who survive) will meet on Idavoll plain and talk
of what has come to pass: the Midgard serpent and the great events that
they have seen. And they will recall the runes from ancient times that Odin
the Mighty One once gained.
After that they will find the golden gaming pieces, lost in the grass by
those who played there in ancient times.
Then crops will grow in the fields without being sown and all that is broken will be made whole. Baldr will live once more and he and Hod (once divided by conflict) will live together in peace. Wooden slips that foretell the future shall be made once more and Haenir (who once relied on Mimir for his knowledge) will himself choose the slips to interpret them as the world once again is settled by people.I see a fine hall that is brighter than the sun and has a roof of gold. It will be there – at Gimle – that the lords of this new world will live in happiness and peace.
Finally, the great and powerful one will come: he who rules over all. He will come from above to the place where once the gods gave judgements. Then the dragon will come flying; he will rise up from the hills that are dark as when the moon is down. Nidhogg will carry the bodies of the dead on his wings as he flies over the plain.
Now I lie down and am silent.
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Ragnarok means the ‘Doom of the gods’ in Old Norse. The Norse word rok (doom), though, has sometimes been confused with the word rokkr
(twilight) leading to the alterative ‘Twilight of the gods’ or Götterdämmerung.
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The Language of Poetry shows Snorri attempting to systematise traditions and to create a single narrative out of the complexity of Old Norse mythology. Snorri discusses the pagan past in relation to the kennings used within skaldic poetry (composed at the courts of Norse rulers), in order to provide the readers of his treatise with an understanding of where the origins of these kennings lay.
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At the end of this battle the gods, giants and all mankind will have died and all created things will be destroyed by fire.
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Dead men fall... the halls of the gods are red with blood... the Sun succumbs to darkness... the weather is sharp and cruel. A golden-combed cockerel wakes up Odin’s warriors and another one crows beneath the earth in the realm of Hel. Garm, the terrible hound, breaks loose and the ravening one runs free (he who will fight Tyr at Ragnarok). For I have much wisdom and I can see far; I can see the destruction of the god.
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