The Serbo - Croat Relations in Yugoslavia
Caner SancaktarThe Serbo - Croat Relations in Yugoslavia Gönderileri
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The most influential party in the interwar Yugoslavia was the Serbian Radical Party (SRP) under leadership of Nikola Pasic. Although it had been on the peasantry, it was led by and representative of the interests of the Serbian middle class, including the businessmen, the merchants, the bureaucrats, the professional men, the military, and the court.
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Ve Radic hiç yerinde durmaz, ortalığı karıştırır.
Unlike Catholic clerics, the steadfastly anti-clerical Stjepan Radic and his Croatian Peasant Party present a unified opposition. Radic considered the unification the fulfillment of the idea of Greater Serbia of the Serbian government. In February 1919, he dispatched a latter to American President Wilson appealing for the recognition of a Croation republic, and aimed to attract American aid for foundation of an independent Croat state. Also, he and his party supported the peasant rebellions in the Croat rural areas between 1918 and 1920. These Croat peasant uprisings were put down by the provisional government. Radic's activities frustrated the Serb side and the Provisional Cabinet. The Provisional Cabinet put Radic in jail because of his separatist activities. He was imprisoned the first time in March 1919, when he spent nearly a year in prison. After his release, he resumed his separatist activities. As as a result, he was immediately rearrested in March 1920, In August 1920, Radic was sentenced to two and a half years in prison. Radic was released on the day of the elections for the Constituent Assembly.
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Conflicts emerged in domestic political life before the elections for the Constituent Assembly. The first and loudest opposition came from Croat Nationalism. Croatia's small Party of Pure Rights attracted Croats from Slavonia and from Herzegovina against the unification, and favored the foundation of an independent Croat state. Also, the Catholic archbishop of Sarajevo, Josip Stadler, opposed the unification and tried to establish a united opposition against the unification. However, Josip Stadler failed to win power over clerics from the Bosnia-Herzegovina and from Dalmatia, who accepted the unification. Therefore, we can note that, the Catholic hierachy could not organize a strong and massive opposition against the unification.
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There was a division in the National Council. The group which led by Trumbic believed that it would be better first to establish a firm union of the former Habsburg lands and then to enter into negotiations with the Serbian government on what would be an equal basis. Another group, led by Svetozar Pribicevic, the head of the Serbian Independent Party, favored an immediate union as a whole. In spite of the strong opposition of Stjepan Radic, the head of the Croatian Peasant Party, the latter idea was accepted in the National Council. The Council then appointed a delegation to go to Belgrade to negotiate with the Serbian government about the unification of Yugoslavs.
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The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a triumph of the idea of Yugoslavism that has aimed unification of Yugoslavs (Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Bosniaks-Muslim Yugoslavs, Montenegrins, and Macedonians) within a single country and state: Yugoslavia. This goal was achieved by the consensus of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1918 as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. The name of the Kingdom was changed to the Kingdom Yugoslavia in 1929 as a result of the Serbian nationalist coup under the leadership of King Aleksander Karadjordjevic.
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