World War ll for Dummies
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The idea of an Aryan race was Hitler’s invention. Actually, Aryan is a term that refers to a linguistic group and has nothing to do with race.
Millions of Russians died in a famine from 1921 to 1922 due to the Bolsheviks’ failed attempts to create a pure socialist state.
While other nations in Europe focused on the Depression and neglected their defense programs (being heavily pacifist), Hitler initiated a huge military buildup, producing modern tanks, warships, and aircraft in an effort to build the most capable force possible.
Capturing North Africa would enable the Allies to launch an attack across the Mediterranean into Italy.
You could argue that World War II was not won on the battlefield as much as it was won in America’s factories and farms. Nearly everyone got involved and did what they could to see America succeed.
The Nazis believed that the collapse of the German government and society in 1918 was not the result of the German army’s defeat; it was the result of food and fuel shortages that placed the civilian population near the point of starvation. The revolt that toppled the Kaiser (emperor) and formed a revolutionary government ready to negotiate to end the war was a direct result of this suffering. The Nazis, therefore, decided to keep the burden on the population as light as possible.
It is often forgotten that Germany declared war on the United States. Guaranteeing the destruction of Hitler and Nazism, Hitler’s decision was suicidal — why add yet another enemy to your list? Hitler’s decisions, as always, originated in his ideology.
The Japanese wanted the United States to accept current conditions in Asia, leaving Japan to determine China’s future. The Japanese also had special interests in Indochina. The Americans wanted the Japanese to withdraw all forces from China and Indochina and recognize the government of the Republic of China.
The cash-and-carry policy allowed Americans to sell products, including war supplies, to warring nations as long as the buyers came to the U.S. to get and pay for the items and took the stuff back on their own ships.
To ensure his hold on power and eliminate any possible internal threats to the Soviet Union, Stalin initiated the Great Terror. Between 1934 and 1938, millions of people were arrested and killed, sent to GULAGs, or deported to the far reaches of eastern Russia.
Officially, World War II began when Nazi Germany invaded Poland in September 1939 and the French and English declared war against Germany as a result of that invasion.
The war ended with the development of two new technologies that heavily influenced the course of the postwar world: atomic power and the ballistic missile.
Pressed by poor economic conditions in the countryside and declining exports as a result of the depression, many Japanese blamed the government. And so, in Japan, as in Italy and Germany, parliamentary democracy gave way to nationalist and militarist control.
Stalin became the ultimate totalitarian dictator, using terror and a vast state apparatus to control every aspect of life in the Soviet Union.
Unlike in Italy and Germany, in Japan, no single leader emerged to harness and take advantage of this situation. Instead, military officers of all ranks formed conspiracies to forcibly eliminate democracy and restore the connection between the Emperor and his people. The army and navy, with direct access to the Emperor, now determined the makeup of the government, advocating a policy of external expansion and economic preparations for war.