There are some main self-conscious, self-awareness emotions:
shame, guilt, embarrassment
hubris, and pride. Guilt has been distinguished
from shame because its focus is not on a failed self but on a failed task.
Here, positive affect in compliance situations is closely aligned with pride (being a good person, avoiding harm to self and others, or doing the right thing) and negative affect in transgression situations is reflective of
shame and guilt (for being a bad person, violating a standard, or putting oneself or others at risk for harm).
Shame, guilt, and embarrassment may be experienced when a person behaves in ways that fail to meet some standard, rule, or goal. In the case of shame, this failure is attributed to the “global” self—that is, in the case of shame, the failure is treated like a dispositional flaw in character spanning across contexts. Guilt, on the other hand, is experienced
when the failure is attributed to the self and is isolated to the specific situationin which it occurred, not generalized to other contexts. In the case of guilt, the failure is not assumed to be indicative of a problem with the “global” self. Embarrassment is experienced when a person fails to meet some social convention. Because embarrassment is experienced as lighthearted, and as a less negative emotion than guilt or shame, many see it, at best, as playing only a minor role in moral behavior.
pride reflects an immoral—selfish, egoistic—perspective on oneself and
the world. But We believe that developmental transformations in pride
occurring over childhood and adulthood sustain commitment to long-term moral action.
Qəliblərdən kənarda
Həyatda gülüb keçilə bilməyəcək bir şey yoxdur. Boş-boş "elit" və ya "etik" davranıb özünüzü yüksəkdə zənn etməyin. "Belə olmağı özü seçmiyib" və s tipli cümlələrlə özünüzü göstərmək əvəzinə hər insanın görünüşüylə, ideologiyasıyla, xasiyyətiylə və s bu tipli nüanslarla zarafatlaşıla biləcəyini bilməlisiniz. Lazımsız ciddiyyətiniz özünüzdə qalsın və lazımsız "etika"nızı özünüzə saxlayın xahiş edirəm, qəliblərlə yaşayan amma "etik" olduğunu düşünənlər.
Shame
"as we grow older, something begins to change and our emotional palette starts to expand. We begin to realize that there are other individuals in this world and their perceptions and ideas and judgments affect us. In fact, they affect us a lot and we will spend much of the rest of our lives wishing they didn’t."
"How do you convince people to give up their own impulses and desires for the greater good? How do you inspire people to avoid certain behaviors that are bad for the group, even if they may be good for the individual? Where do these norms come from and how do you make it clear to people what’s expected of them?
That’s right. You shame them."
shame-guilt
"While shame functions to keep you from doing stupid or awful things, guilt similarly motivates us to right our wrongs. When we feel guilty about something, we often set out to make it right. We apologize and in some cases, we offer ways to fix it."