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In the moment, separating your past self from your current self can be unsettling. Even positive changes can lead to negative emotions; evolving your identity can leave you feeling derailed and disconnected. Over time, though, rethinking who you are appears to become mentally healthy-as long as you can tell a coherent story about how you got from past to present you. In one study, when people felt detached from their past selves, they became less depressed over the course of the year. When you feel as if your life is changing direction, and you're in the process of shifting who you are, it's easier to walk away from foolish beliefs you once held.
My past self was Mr. Facts-I was too fixated on knowing. Now I'm more interested in finding out what I don't know. As Bridgewater founder Ray Dalio told me, "If you don't look back at yourself and think, 'Wow, how stupid I was a year ago, then you must not have learned much in the last year."
The second kind of detachment is separating your opinions from your identity. I'm guessing you wouldn't want to see a doctor whose iden- tity is Professional Lobotomist, send your kids to a teacher whose identity is Corporal Punisher, or live in a town where the police chief's identity is Stop-and-Frisker. Once upon a time, all of these practices were seen as reasonable and effective.
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While humility is a permeable filter that absorbs life experience and con- verts it into knowledge and wisdom, arrogance is a rubber shield that life experience simply bounces off of."
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Experience or expertise
When we lack the knowledge and skills to achieve excellence, we sometimes lack the knowledge and skills to judge excellence. This in- sight should immediately put your favorite confident ignoramuses in their place. Before we poke fun at them, though, it's worth remembering that we all have moments when we are them.
We're all novices at many things, but we're not always blind to that fact. We tend to overestimate ourselves on desirable skills, like the ability to carry on a riveting conversation. We're also prone to overconfidence in situations where it's easy to confuse experience for expertise, bike driving. typing, trivia, and managing emotions. Yet we underestimate ourselves when we can easily recognize that we lack experience-like painting. driving a race car, and rapidly reciting the alphabet backward. Absolute beginners rarely fall into the Dunning-Kruger trap. If you don't know a thing about football, you probably don't walk around believing you know more than the coach.
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Karl Weick'ın önerdiği gibi: "Haklıymışçasına tartış, hatalıymışçasına dinle."
"İnsanoğlunun en büyük trajedisi, doğru olanı bulmak için nazikçe bir tartışmaya girememesidir,"
bilginin laneti
The curse of knowledge is that it closes our minds to what we don't know. Good judgment depends on having the skill-and the will-to open our minds. I'm pretty confident that in life, rethinking is an in- creasingly important habit. Of course, I might be wrong. If I am, I'll be quick to think again.
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