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Resource Dependency Perspective:
Organizations have to access required resources from external environment to continue their operations. These resources are raw materials, labor, financial resources and energy. Jeffrey Pfeffer and Gerald Salancik claimed that providing inputs from the other organizations which own these resources is vitally important for organizational survival. (...)
Resource dependency theory suggests that we should assess external environment as a complex network of dependency relations among organizations and other critical actors. (...) There are various strategies to manage dependency relations with the actors in the external environment:
a. Acquisition of suppliers.
b. Developing long term contracts with the critical suppliers.
c. Interlocking directorates – to assign some members of board of directors to the supplier firms’ boards.
d. Founding joint ventures with the critical firms in terms of resource flow.
e. Joining trade associations.
f. Lobbying.
Sayfa 38Kitabı okudu
One of the most accepted, comprehensive and common definitions is the one made by C. I. Barnard, which argues that “organization is a system of consciously coordinated activities of two or more persons.”
Sayfa 4Kitabı okudu
Organizations establish buffer units or departments to control uncertainty and to protect their technical cores from external efects.
Sayfa 36Kitabı okudu
In his Images of Organization, Gareth Morgan explains this diversity in the field of organization theory and describes different perspectives on the organizations using metaphors. He identifies eight metaphors: 1. Organizations as Machines, 2. Organizations as Organisms, 3. Organizations as Brains, 4. Organizations as Cultures, 5. Organizations as Political Systems, 6. Organizations as Psychic Prisons, 7. Organizations as Flux and Transformation, 8. Organizations as Instruments of Domination.
Sayfa 5Kitabı okudu
Organizations’ internal complexity increases as a result of external complexity.
Sayfa 32Kitabı okudu
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