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The satraps played a major role in the governance of the empire. They acted as minor kings in otherwise independent kingdoms. In some cases, they coined their own money, levied their own taxes, and appointed most of the satrapy’s administra­tors. Only the surplus tax was sent to the treasury of the great king. In addition, the satraps had their own armies, which they fielded when necessary to support the king.
A solution to the loyalty problem had been tested in Egypt, where Greek rulers had reintroduced the concept of a deified king. Thinking that that solution might resolve their problem in Iran as well, the Seleucids adopted the plan. The strategy did not work. Rather than unify the peoples, the concept of a god-king, as opposed to a divinely appointed king, created discord and division for obvious rea­sons. The Egyptians were used to being governed by human beings who called themselves god. The Persian s were not. Neither the leg­endary kings of Iran —Kayumars , Kayka’us , and Kay­khosrau —nor the historical monarchs—Darius and Cyrus —had considered themselves god. They had spoken strongly about their being ap­pointees of Ahura Mazda , but not Ahura Mazda Himself. Jam­shid , the only legendary monarch to be so disposed, lost his farr simply because he tried to reach the stars and the abode of God.
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