Item: Frankenstein ya da Modern Prometheus
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28 Haziran 2023 19:26

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THE ROLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN FRANKENSTEIN

Mary Shelley, who wrote Frankenstein, was the daughter of Mary Wollstonecraft, a famous women's rights activist, and William Godwin, a philosopher and political writer. The author wrote the book in 1818 when she was twenty-one years old. The book is still relevant, still being read and remade into films. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is a classic novel that can be classified as both Romantic and Gothic. The Romantic movement in English literature began in the late 1700s, and during this period writers generally focused on the power of nature and the importance of the individual. They moved away from technology and city life. The book Frankenstein reflects all this. It also has some of the characteristics of science fiction. Science and technology are important elements in the book. Mary Shelley had no formal education, she was educated at home. Her father educated her along with other children. Nevertheless, it is a great achievement that she was able to write such a good book at such a young age. Mary Shelley's father had a large library and the poet grew up reading English literature. The poet's intelligence was praised by her father and others from an early age. Mary Shelley met Percy Shelley, a fan of her father's, when she was fifteen. Percy Shelley was twenty years old at the time and had already married. A forbidden love affair began and they had to run away because Mary Shelley's father did not approve of it. They settled in Geneva, Switzerland. Mary Shelley and her husband joined a literary club. The members were famous writers and thinkers. They decided to compete to see who could write the best horror story. Under the influence of a nightmare she had seen, Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein as part of this competition. When Frankenstein was first published, Mary Shelley could not write her name because she was a woman, because she could see too much reaction, perhaps even fearing that the novel would not get published. So the novel is published under her husband's name. Her husband announced at an event that his wife had written the book, not him. Mary Shelley's name was not added until the second edition, after the novel had become a great success and very popular. Victor Frankenstein begins this project because he is looking for a companion. Victor plans that the creature he will create will be better than humans, more beautiful, stronger, more durable, more civilised. The result, however, is not what he had in mind. The book is considered to be one of the first books with the characteristics of the science fiction genre. As the starting point of the book is based on a scientific experiment, it also has a philosophical background to it. One of the reasons why the book Frankenstein is not accepted as one of the first pieces of science fiction is that the main character, Victor Frankenstein, does not fully answer the question of how he brings the monster to life. He does not talk about scientific methods, speaking vaguely like I did it somehow. In the film, this is presented in a more comprehensive way than in the book. In the film, Frankenstein's science fiction side was developed. Europe in the 1700s was a period of gradual development of the foundations of many modern sciences. The foundations of many modern sciences were laid in ancient times and developed from that time to this time. The 17th century is a period in which the development of technology was much more advanced than it had been in the 16th century. From the use of glass and fire to electricity, many technological developments occurred. In those days there were prejudices against science. People were afraid that science would get them into trouble. They were afraid that they might go too far, that they might go against God with what they were doing, and that they might sin. So there were moral and philosophical debates about whether to go on and continue or not. Frankenstein is a book that goes through these fears. The story examines the moral aspects of scientific study and makes the argument that uncontrolled development might have disastrous effects. Victor Frankenstein's ambition of knowledge is regarded as a rejection of conventional norms. What Mary Shelley had in mind hundreds of years ago in this book is scientific technology. She examined questions such as whether humans can cope with the development of technology and whether humans are mature enough to use technology. As Anne K. Mellor mentions in her article; “Mary Shelley grounded her fiction of the scientist who creates a monster he cannot control upon an extensive understanding of the most recent scientific developments of her day” and “More important, she used this knowledge both to analyze and to criticize the more dangerous implications of the scientific method and its practical results” During the period of Mary Shelley's writing of Frankenstein, two important discoveries took place. These two important scientific discoveries were included in the book. These inventions are electricity and the transplantation of tissues and organs. Luigi Galvani discovered the electrical balance behind muscle movement and used galvanic current to move a frog leg which he had dissected. This technique is now used almost daily in health care, but was a major scientific development at the time. Although this method is not fully described in the book, electricity is part of Victor Frankenstein's experiment. At the time the book was written, the idea of tissue and organ transplantation was not well known. However, there were scientists who were investigating these issues. In the book, Victor Frankenstein collected and put together the parts of various corpses in order to create the monster. The monster was yellowish and had textures that were not very well matched, as described by the author in the book. In addition to all this, grave robbing was popularised during this period and unregistered experiments were carried out. By examining these, we can understand that Mary Shelley was following the scientific developments of the time and researching science and technology. In conclusion, Mary Shelley's Frankenstein holds a very important literary place. Science and technology play an important role in the book, so by analysing the book we can get information about the scientific technologies of the time. Thus, although Frankenstein is a romantic and gothic work, it is a book that contains some of the characteristics of the science fiction genre, and this was a first for that period. The book reminds the reader of the risks of uncontrolled scientific progress and encourages caution and morality. It also highlights the issue of the power of science and technology and examines the idea that scientific achievement can be applied for both positive and negative purposes.

Frankenstein ya da Modern PrometheusMary Shelley · Can Yayınları · 201913,9bin okunma

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