We have said that terms express concepts, that concepts are universal, and that concepts refer to the essences or natures of things. Are these essences uni- versal, like the concepts we have of them?
If they are not, then it seems that our concepts of them are not accurate, for they do not correspond to their objects. And in that case, our concepts would dis- tort rather than reveal the true nature of things.
But are universals then real things‘? Is beauty real as well as beautiful things? Does humanity or human nature or the human species really exist in addition to the 6+ billion human beings that have the same essential human nature?
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