Zülal
@somekindofzulal
Sokrates (MÖ yaklaşık 469 – MÖ yaklaşık 399, bazı kaynaklarda biraz daha faklı gösteriliyor), şu çok net ki; binlerce yıl önce yaşamış olmasına rağmen düşünceleri ve söyledikleri hala hayranlık uyandırabilen çağının çok ötesinde, bugünlere ulaşmış hatta gelecekte de değer görmesi çok muhtemel olan değerli bir düşünürdür.
Onun tarzı bir başkadır. Cevaplarla açıklamak yerine soru sorar ve karşıdakinin cevabı kendisinin keşfetmesi için yol gösterici olurdu. Hepimiz tahmin ederiz ki bu, çok daha zor bir iştir.
Bununla ilgili bir örnek vermek istiyorum:
Sokrates bir gün, Agora’daki öğrencilerine sormuş; ‘Kimdir insan, insan nedir?’
Öğrenciler; ‘'Onu bilmeyecek ne var? İnsan; iki ayaklı, tüysüz bir yaratıktır.’'
Sonraki gün, tüyleri yolunmuş bir horozla gelen Sokrates, canlı hayvanı işaret ederek, şöyle sormuş; ‘'Yani insan dediğiniz şey böyle bir şey midir?’'
Kendisi pek yazmamıştır (en azından benim bu konuda bilgim yok). Savunmasını da kendisi değil, yine o da bir düşünür ve öğrencisi olan Platon (Eflatun) yazmıştır.
Bu kitap Sokrates’in Euthyphron’da dinsizlikten dolayı yargılanışının öncesini ve inançları hakkındaki görüşlerini, ardından yargı sürecini, solarak da Kriton’da karar sonrasında yaşananları anlatmaktadır.
Sokrates, düşünceleri ve inançları konusunda onu suçlayan mahkemenin karşısında; onurlu bir ölümün namussuzca yaşamaktan çok daha erdemli olduğunu savunur, ölüm cezası alacağı muhakkak olan bir durumda. Ve seçtiği yolu şu sözlerle dile getirir:
“Ben bir siyaset adamı olamayacak kadar dürüst olduğumu düşünerek, size ve kendime iyilik etmemi engelleyecek hiçbir yola sapmadım! Tam tersine, hepinize iyilik etmemi mümkün kılan bir yola girdim, herkesin kendini düşünmekten, kendi işlerinin peşinde koşmaktan önce erdemi, bilgeliği araması gerektiğini,
Zülal
Başarılı bir inceleme 👏
“Kötü bir anıyı unutmanın en iyi yolu güzel bir tanesiyle değişmektir.”
SPOILER
In this analysis, I want to emphasize a very significant point for me, where Socrates argues: “Either I have not a bad influence, or it is unintentional; so in either case what you claim is false.” He simply says that if he corrupts the youth, he would harm society. If he harms society, he would harm himself. Since no one harms themselves intentionally, there is no way he did this on purpose, and if it was unintentional, he should have warned, he should not be at the courthouse. I believe, this particular passage is very important since Socrates states every crime is inherently unintentional but does it mean they shouldn’t be punished?
Gökyüzü isimli okura yanıt verildi
Zülal
Firstly, thank you for reading. The book is about Socrates’ trial. Athens accuses Socrates of corrupting the youth and impiety. The little passage I quoted was what Socrates argues when he was charged with corrupting the youth. He says if he corrupted the youth, he would harm society, thus himself. Then, he concludes if he did so, it must be unintentional, and cannot be charged because of it. After I read, I thought every crime must be unintentional according to Socrates, and asked myself, does that mean we shouldn’t punish criminals? I still think about it, I wanted to see other readers’ comments.
''worm fastened on him'' a terrific definition of death
''Enkidu my brother whom I loved, the end of mortality has overtaken him. I wept for him seven days and nights till the worm fastened on him. Because of my brother I am afraid of death, because of my brother I stay through the wilderness. His fate lies heavy upon me. How can I be silent, how can I rest? He is dust and I too shall die and be laid in the earth forever.''
Zülal
The “worm” detail is a fascinating touch. It really makes you understand how hard it is to accept the death of his brother, in fact, the phenomenon of death, for Gilgamesh.
Spoiler
Gökyüzü , Thanks for the comment, as I mentioned, I also believe that the act of seeking immortality is inherently destructive. I strongly reccomend you to read both Homer’s Illiad and The Epic of Gilgamesh, if you haven’t already.
IMMORTALITY THROUGH REMEMBRANCE
"The life that you seek you never will find:
when the gods created mankind,
death they dispensed to mankind,
life they kept for themselves.” (Sippar Tablet iii(1-5))
Says Shammash, in The Epic of Gilgamesh. The desire of living is the most fundamental element of being human. Even though it is impossible, throughout history, immortality wanted to be achieved, people desperately searched for it. This desire indeed has been reflected in the literature, especially in The Epic of Gilgamesh and Homer’s Iliad. This essay will cover the different perspectives on immortality and death and their relation in society, for both texts.
To begin with, in The Epic of Gılgamesh, the desire of being remembered forever had been represented by Gilgamesh’s wanting the cut down the Cedar Forest. He claims his thoughts on immortality by saying “I will establish for ever a name eternal!” (Tablet 2, 87) Since he is aware that he cannot live forever, he wanted to be remembered. That is why he wants to cut down the Cedar Forest, and makes a gate out of the trees, so that everyone who sees the gate, will remember him. I argue that his motivation for cutting down the Cedar Forest is just a despondent need of being remembered. He thinks, by doing so, he can be remembered forever, even after he is dead. After his bellowed friend Enkidu’s death, he realizes that he is also mortal and yet, he cannot accept that reality and desperately begins his journey of finding immortality. At this point, I argue that Gilgamesh’s being the King of Uruk, sort of makes him think like he has to live forever, since all warriors and leaders have to be remembered, in his point of view. He cannot acknowledge that he is mortal since he sees himself as the strongest man alive and the
Zülal
Gökyüzü , Thanks for the comment, as I mentioned, I also believe that the act of seeking immortality is inherently destructive. I strongly reccomend you to read both Homer’s Illiad and The Epic of Gilgamesh, if you haven’t already.“Ömür şöyle böyle gelip geçecek ama
kömür gözlerin akıl tahtamı karalamaya devam edecek”
Batuhan isimli okura yanıt verildi
Zülal
:)