This is a sketch for one of the most celebrated of the painter's pictures, Escenas del 3 de Mayo de 1808, included with its companion piece, Episodio de la Invasion Francesa en 1808 (Episode of the French Invasion of 1808) in the collection of the Museo del Prado at Madrid. These two pictures are Goya's greatest achievement as a historical painter, and rank among the most notable works of their order ever produced. They present a vivid pictorial record of the hideous scenes which the artist witnessed at the time of the French invasion of Spain during the Peninsula War. In the Escenas del 3 de Mayo de 1808, a group of Madrid citizens, huddled together in horror at their fate, are about to be executed by troops of Murat, who, standing in file with muskets at their shoulders, are ready to fire. Many of the condemned are upon their knees, some cover their faces with their hands to shut out the sight of the levelled guns; a man in the center of the group raises his arms as if in an abandonment of terror.