In July 2014, the Institute of Economic Affaurs released a report arguing that lack of physical activity was driving the obesity epidemic rather than excess calories, and then another report (with no science) saying that research shows that sugar isn't the cause of diabetes. When questioned as to whether the takes money from the food industry, spokesman Christopher Snowdon replied that the question was "irrelevant."
We have the data to demonstrate that processed food is a primary causative factor for diabetes, fatty liver disease, heart disease, and tooth decay; correlative for cancer, dementia, hypertension, addiction to other substances, and depression; as well as plausible for autoimmune disease and anxiety. But when the food industry addresses these issues in public, they only refer to the "obesity epidemic. Until about 2010, they ignored the problem entirely, deflecting the issue back to the consumer and using the tobacco industry meme of "personal responsibility." When they couldn't deny culpability any longer, they chose to divert the public health conversation specifically toward obesity, for reasons: because for them and the dietitians, it's still all about calories, and public still believes it.
One might assume that Big Sugar learned its tricks from Big Tobacco. But it's actually the other way around the Sugar Research Foundation was founded in 1943, and one of its executives, Dr. Robert Hockett, peddled his manipulation tactics to the Tobacco Industry Research Committee in 1954. In any case, the playbooks are almost identical -deny, deflect, distract, delay. The entire processed food industry has adopted this policy. Some tactics involve influencing scientists, others influence public opinion, and even more influence governments and the courts.
When you process and purify something, you change its properties. Coca leaves are medicinal in Bolivia, but cocaine is a drug. Opium poppies were medicinal, but heroin is a drug. Caffeine is found in coffee (medicinal for many), but concentrated caffeine (e.g., in weight loss remedies) is a drug. In ancient times, sugar was a spice. Through the Industrial Revolution, it was a condiment. Now that it's processed and purified, it's a drug.
Sweetness surpasses cocaine as a reward in rats. In fact, addicting rats to opioids makes them binge on fructose instead, because of alterations in the reward center, and especially in adolescent rats.