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The 17th century Turkish traveler Evliya Celebi described the population of the Steppe Crimea as follows: They always eat meat. They eat the meat of every animal, and dress in its skin, that is, they make a fur coat out of it.... mixing blood with millet, they drink the blood of every animal like stew. There are also several thousand Tatars who have never drunk water in their lives.
Crimean people are divided into three subethnic groups: The Steppe Tatars (Nogai) are racially Caucasian and have elements of Mongoloidity (about 10%). They have a shorter stature, a smaller skull height, a smaller palpebral fissure length, and a larger oblique angle than other types. Gustav Radde writes about the steppe inhabitants: "...yellowish and dark complexion, often turning into copper-red; dark eyes; small nose and almost always flattened; black hair and a very sparse beard."
Ugolovnyi Kodeks RSFSR: "Incitement of ethnic discord."
And only out in the sands of Kazakstan did the transport guards open the doors, so as to toss out the corpses alongside the railway. They did not give us time to bury the dead. Many people went insane.
The majority of the Tatar community is well integrated into the mainstream population of Turkiye. Over the last several decades, the community in Turkiye produced many celebrities and high-ranking public and
political figures, such as Esin Engin and Nesrin Sipahi (singers), Aziz Nesin (a writer), Ahmet Ihsan Kirimli (the former minister of tourism), and Safa Giray (the former state minister). However, many members of
the community, especially some of the public figures, have no sense of or interest in being Crimean Tatars, even though in some cases their names clearly imply a Tatar background.
Among the emigre communities, the largest group resides in the Republic of Turkiye. Emigre Tatars are largely concentrated in the following provinces of Turkiye: Adana, Ankara, Balikesir, Bursa, Chorum, Eskishehir, Istanbul, Konya, Kutahya, and Tekirdagh.
Internal struggles among the Crimean Tatar ruling elite and the several Russian invasions during the independence period (1774-83) prompted the beginning of Crimean Tatar migrations, which took the form of exile, limited in scope and number. Deposed Khans, religious officials, Mirzas (high-ranking members of clans)
Tashkent district to the Crimean district. Such a fate has befallen hun-dreds of Crimean Tatars who were condemned only for traveling from
Uzbekistan or Kazakstan to the Crimean district.
On my second arrest I refused to sign anything or to answer any questions. But I betrayed this principle once. One time an investigator gave me a question in written form (the interrogation protocol): "What role do you play in the national movement of Crimean Tatars?" "Oh, that question I'll be glad to answer," I said. "Write: 'A normal role. One of a Crimean Tatar who wants to return home to her native land, Crimea!'" Of course, the
investigator did not write down such an answer.
The Uzbekistan KGB knew about all this because they followed me around day and night. I even knew the license numbers of their cars and
recognized the faces of KGB collaborators who followed me.