Besides his warlike virtues, of which he gave eminent proofs, he was famous for learning, wisdom, and a thirst after knowledge; for his proficiency in languages, and patience in labours. He was also religious. In short, an accomplished prince, if he had made a conscience of breaking his word for the good of the state.
According to the Christian writers, he had nothing in his outward appearance answerable to the greatness of his mind. He was low of stature, and square set; large limbed, and of great strength. His complexion was, Tartar-like, sallow and melancholic; as were most of his predecessors. His looks were stern, his eyes a little sunk in his head, yet piercing. His nose so high and crooked that it almost touched his upper lip. He had very accute parts; was skilled in the Turkish learning, especially astronomy; and could speak Greek, Latin, Arabic, Khaldee, and Persian. He delighted much in history; was very courageous, and fortunate. He punished theft and all sorts of injustice with great severity. He had a great esteem for men who excelled in any art or science. But, to balance these virtues, they say, that he had no regard for religion, or his treaties; was very ambitious, and a great dissembler: that he delighted in blood; and that his least displeasure was death.