Surprisingly, the Roman numeral L, meaning 50, does not abbreviate a word (the Latin for 50 was quinquaginta ) but rather is thought to commemorate a primitive Roman symbol, a numeral, that became standardized as the letter L shape. The same holds true for the puzzling Roman V for 5, X for 10, and D for 500, none of which stands for a Latin word. However, M for 1,000 did abbreviate the Latin word mille, while C for 100 evidently began as an abstract symbol that over time became “attracted” to the appropriate letter shape for abbreviating the Latin centum.
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