Thinking Fast and Slow
Daniel KahnemanThinking Fast and Slow Gönderileri
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>A reliable way to make people believe in falsehoods is frequent repetition, because familiarity is not easily distinguished from truth.
>İnsanları yalanlara inandırmanın güvenilir bir yolu sık tekrarlamadır çünkü aşinalık gerçeklerden kolayca ayırt edilemez.
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>We can be blind to the obvious and we are also blind to our blindness.
> Biz bariz olana karşı kör olabiliriz ve biz aynı zamanda körlüğümüze karşı da körüz.
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Confidence is a feeling, which reflects the coherence of the information and the cognitive ease of processing it. It is wise to take admissions of uncertainty seriously, but declarations of high confidence mainly tell you that an individual has constructed a coherent story in his mind, not necessarily that the story is true.
If a satisfactory answer to a hard question is not found quickly, System 1 will find a related question that is easier and will answer it. I call the operation of answering one question in place of another substitution.
They didn't want more information that might spoil their story. What you see is all there is.
When asked "If Sam friendly?" different instances of Sam's behavior will come to mind than would if you had been asked "Is Sam unfriendly?"
People seek data that are likely to be compatible with the beliefs they currently hold.
Jumping to conclusions is efficient if the conclusions are likely to be correct and the cost of an occasional mistake accetable, and if the jump saves much time and effort. Jumping to conclusions is risky when the situation is unfamiliar, the stakes are high, and there is no time to collect more information.
A happy mood loosens the control of System 2 over performance: when in a good mood, people become more intuitive and more creative but also less vigilant and more prone to logical errors. Here again, as in the mere exposure effect, the connection makes biological sense. A good mood is a signal that things are generally going well, the environment is safe, and it is all right to let one's guard.
They were primed to find flaws, and this is exactly what they found.
People who experience flow describe it as "a state of efortless concentration so deep that they lose their sense of time, of themselves, of their problems."
It suggests that when people believe a conclusion is true, they are also very likely to believe arguments that appear to support it, even when these arguments are unsound.
We can be blind to the obvious, and we are also blind to our blindness.
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The automatic operations of System 1 generate surprisingly complex patterns of ideas, but only the slower System 2 can construct thoughts in an orderly series of steps.
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