"So far as predestination was not reinterpreted, toned down, or fundamentally abandoned." two principal, mutually connected, types of pastoral advice appear. On the one hand it is held to be an absolute duty to consider oneself chosen, and to combat all doubts as temptations of the devil, since lack of self confidence is the result of insufficient faith, hence of imperfect grace"
Sayfa 66Kitabı okudu
"So far we have considered only Calvinism, and have thus assumed the doctrine of predestination as the dogmatic back- ground of the Puritan morality in the sense of methodically rationalized ethical conduct. This could be done because the influence of that dogma in fact extended far beyond the single religious group which held in all respects strictly to Calvinistic principles, the Presbyterians".
Sayfa 77Kitabı okudu
"The Calvinistic doctrine of predestination was only one of several possibilities. But nevertheless we have become convinced that in its way it had not only a quite unique consistency, but that its psychological effect was extraordinarily powerful"
Sayfa 80Kitabı okudu
Pietism
"It is even quite legitimate to look upon the whole connection between predestination and the doctrine of proof, with its fundamental Interest in the attainment of the certitudo salutis as discussed above, as in itself a Pietistic development of Calvin's original doctrines"
Sayfa 80Kitabı okudu
"Even the doctrine of predestination could lead to fatalism if, contrary to the predominant tendencies of rational Calvinism, it were made the object of emotional contemplation"
"On the other hand, the development of German Pietism from a Lutheran basis, with which the names of Spener, Francke, and
Zinzendorf are connected, led away from the doctrine of predestination"