Your muscles are not just movement organs; they are endocrine organs that actively communicate with your brain. By releasing myokines, regulating metabolism, and improving circulation, healthy muscles provide a constant stream of protective signals that help build a resilient brain, thereby slowing down or preventing cognitive decline.
a) Myokines: The Hormones of Muscle
When muscles contract during exercise, they release hundreds of signaling molecules called myokines. These are crucial messengers from muscle to brain.
Irisin & BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor): Exercise stimulates muscle to release a hormone called irisin. Irisin, in turn, boosts levels of BDNF in the brain. BDNF is like fertilizer for brain cells. It promotes the survival of existing neurons, encourages the growth of new neurons (neurogenesis), and strengthens synapses (the connections between neurons). Higher BDNF levels are linked to better memory and learning and a lower risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
Other Myokines: Myokines like cathepsin B and interleukin-6 (in its anti-inflammatory form) also cross the blood-brain barrier and have been shown to promote neurogenesis and reduce neuroinflammation.
b) Improved Blood Flow
Muscle activity is a powerful driver of cardiovascular health. This delivers essential oxygen and nutrients while removing metabolic waste products.
c) Metabolic Regulation
Muscle is a major site for glucose (sugar) metabolism. Loss of muscle mass reduces the body's ability to manage blood sugar, leading to insulin resistance.