There are three types of actions according to the legal remedy sought:
(1) Actions for performance (eda davaları): Action for performance is an action in which the court is requested to sentence the defendant to give or perform, or avoid from doing something. Actions for performance may also be filed as indefinite debt action.
(2) Declaratory actions (tespit davaları): With declaratory action, the court is requested to determine the existence or nonexistence of a right or a legal relationship, or whether a document is forged or not.
(3) Constructive actions (inşai davalar): With constructive action, the court is requested to create a new legal status, or modify the substance of an existing legal status or terminate it.
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The plaintiff may jointly assert multiple independent principal claims against the (same) defendant in the same complaint. This is called the “accumulation of claims” (davaların yığılması - art. 110).
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An “action with gradual demands” (terditli dava) is an action, through which the plaintiff asserts multiple demands against the defendant in the same complaint, by identifying them as principle or ancillary (art. 111).
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If the debtor or a third party who has the right to choose regarding an alternative obligation refrains from exercising the right, the creditor may file an “action with alternative demands” (seçimlik dava - art. 112).