Mengzi thinks that most people will be unable to develop their nature without having their basic needs for things such as food met. Indeed, Mengzi provides specific advice about proper farm management, showing his concern with the practicalities of governing. Once their fundamental needs are met, basic—but universal— ethical education is crucial.
Mozi saw ideological differences and the factionalism they spawned as the primary source of human suffering. Therefore, he sharply criticized the family-based ethical and political system of Kongzi for its inherent partiality and advocated a strict chain of command leading up through a monarch and resting in Heaven.
In place of Confucian ren , “benevolence,” he advocated a form of state consequentialism, which sought to maximize three basic goods: the wealth, order, and population of the state. As an alternative to Confucian familial love, he argued for jian’ai , which is often translated as “universal love” but is better understood as “impartial care.”
Charles Moore
One of the basic human requirements is the need to dwell, and one of the central human acts is the act of inhabiting, of connecting ourselves, however temporarily, with a place on the planet which belongs to us and to which we belong.
Sayfa 1 - VintageKitabı okudu
People do sometimes sense the sacredness of nature, such as when they look closely at a flower, climb high peaks, or journey deep into the mountain. Such aesthetic sense, love, receptivity, and understanding are people's most basic instincts — their true nature. These days, however, humans are flying in a completely different direction to some unknown destination, and they seem to be doing it as rapidly as possible.
Sayfa 15Kitabı okudu
"Eğer doğanın işleyişinin oldukça tesadüfi ve ayrıca tamamıyla gerekli gibi görünen yönleri varsa, bunlar özellikle Tanrı'ya inancı destekleyen kanıtlar olarak görülebilir."
(Palle Yourgrau, A World Without Time: The Forgotten Legacy of Gödel and Einstein (New York: Basic Books,)
Religious beliefs are basic human social survival concepts with slight alterations.
"Deeper you go differences become blurry in basic sciences."
The moral universalist believes that there are derivative norms that may differ across cultures, but at least some basic norms don’t.
AgreedKitabı okudu
Reductionism is the view that all higher-level phenomena are explained in terms of lower-level phenomena, some of which are basic.
