THE DIVAN OF HAFEZ IN ORIGINAL PERSIAN
The Persian poet Hafez (1320-1389) is best known as a Sufi mystic who incorporated elements of Sufism into his verses. The state of God-Realisation is symbolised through union with a Beloved, and drinking the wine of spiritual love. This edition of the Divan is a facsimile illuminated manuscript and features
If you are distressed by anything external, the pain is not due to the thing itself but to your own estimate of it; and this you have the power to revoke at any moment.
THE TELESCOPE- GEOFF ANDERSON
Newton was born on Christmas Day, 1642 -the same yaer that Galileo died. Something of a loner (perhaps due to a fairly unpleasant disposition), Newton did much of his seminal work in optics during a period reclusion in the English countryside while avoiding an of his findings in Opticks. Amongst the important findings detailed in this text are the following.
1. White light is made up of the complete spectrum of colours.
2.The colours can be separated out by passing the light through a prism, as different colours are bent (refracted) at slightly different angles.
3.This 'dispersion' (not his word for it) is the cause of the chromatic aberration that Huyguns found to be affecting refractor (lens-based) telescopes.
4.There is no dispersion when light is reflected.
5.Telescopes could be improved by using a reflecting focusing element (a mirror) instead of a refracting one (a lens), since all colours will focus at the same point. This type of telescope is now known as a Newtonian reflector.
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Chapter 2 - Page 33
Bir insan kendi kendisine düşünerek bir hayli zaman ve çaba sarf ettikten, düşüncelerini bıkıp usanmadan birbirine uladıktan sonra bir parça doğruya veya bir fikre ulaşmış olabilir; ama böyle olmayabilir ve aynı şeyi kendisini bunca Zahmete sokmaksızın bir kitapta hazır olarak bulabilirdi. Böyle de olsa, eğer ona kendi kendisine düşünerek ulaşmış
“Death is fascinating. It’s the only inevitability of life, but one that most people spend their lives trying to outrun. Character death can be the most powerful weapon in a writer’s arsenal but one that needs to be used extremely carefully. For your creative paper, I want you all to write about death. Make it impactful. Make it surprising. Make me not predict it.”
He let his eyes rove over everyone. “Give me a natural death, a murder, a suicide, or anything else. Think. I want to see it and be moved. It’s due in four weeks.”
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Oser ve arkadaşları (1994, s. 39) inançsızlık yerine ateizm kavramını kullanarak, entelektüel çabayı temele alan bir sınıflandırma yapmışlardır: (1) geçişken ateizm (transitional atheism), (2) düşünülerek elde edilen, felsefi, sürdürülen ateizm (worked-1hrough, philosophical, continuing atheism), (3) kilisesizlerin ateizmi (unchurched atheism), (4) dini ilgisizlikten kaynaklanan ateizm (atheism due t0 religious indifference).
Oser'in tasnifindeki ilk iki tip, entelektüel temellidir. Üçüncüsü kilise mensubiyetiyle ilgilidir. Dördüncü tip ise oldukça önemli bir olguya işaret etmektedir. Bu olgu, “ilgisizlerin inançsızlığı”dır. Hunsberger ve Altemeyer (2006), dindarlık karşısındaki tutumları üç ana başlığa ayırdıklarında, ateistler ve agnostiklerden sonra pasif inançlılar (inactive believer) gelmektedir. Pasif inançlılar, kendilerine soruldugunda bir dine ait olduklarını söyleyen ama bu dinin gereklerine dair herhangi bir edim içinde olmayan kişilerdir. Bunlar “inançlı ama hiç aktif değil” şeklinde tanımlayabileceğimiz bir gruptur (s. 115). Bunlara genel olarak “dini ilgisizler”, “pasif inançsızlar” veya “ilgisiz inançsızlar” diyebiliriz.
The “ silent generation ” also known as “ traditionalists ” generally consists of people who were born before 1945. They experienced major military and economic events. For instance, the Second World-War occurred during their childhood. As a result of these hardships, members of this generation are disciplined, they are generally patriotic and
Sayfa 18Kitabı okudu
Discharge of an obligation means that this obligation has come to an end. The normal way o discharge an obligation is performance. Apart from performance, there are some other ways to discharge an obligation regulated in the Code of Obligations.
1.Discharge (extinction) by Agreement: The parties to a contract may agree to discharge an obligation. No particular form is required for the discharge of an obligation by agreement even if the obligation itself could not be assumed without satisfying a certain form requirement.
2.Novation: It constitutes a new obligation in the place of an old one. The pre-existing obligation is discharged and a new obligation is created. The parties should conclude an agreement and in this agreement the intention of novation should be clearly stated.
3.Merger: The obligation is deemed to be discharged by merger where the capacities of creditor and debtor are united. In other words, the creditor and the debtor become identical.
4.Impossibility: Impossibility means it is no longer possible to perform the obligation. An obligation is deemed to be discharged where its performance is made impossible by circumstances not attributed to the debtor, in other words the debtor should not be faulty in the obligation’s becoming impossible. If the debtor has fault, then the obligation is nor discharged but turned to a compensation payment.
5.Set-off: Where two persons owe each other sums of money or performance of identical obligations, and provided that both claims have fallen due, each party may set-off his/her debt against his/her claim. A set-off takes place only if the debtor notifies the creditor of his/her intention to exercise his/her right of set-off.
Sayfa 162Kitabı okudu
