Senin İçin Yendik Avrupa - Silistre - 1854
Yukarıda, söz konusu madalyanın ön yüzünde (solda), üç sıra defne çelengi içerisinde Abdülmecid'in bir portresi ve çevresinde "Abdul - Medjid Khan - Empereur Des Ottomans" Türkçesi "Abdülmecid Han, Osmanlıların Padişahı" yazıyordu. Arka yüzdeyse (sağda), kalenin önünde bir elinde kama, bir
elinde gürz tutan bir kadın, sol yanında bir cami ve çevresinde "Europe lls Ont Vaıncu Pour Toı - Silistrie- 1854" Türkçesi: (Rusları Silistre'de) "Senin İçin Yendik Avrupa - Silistre - 1854"
yazıları yer alıyordu
Sayfa 36 - Otopsi YayınlarıKitabı okudu
It was the Republic’s policy never to make military alliances with the Ottomans, as the Genoese did, but neither were they in a position to act against them. Always distracted by other wars and by trading interests, and wary of unstable crusading alliances which could leave them dangerously exposed, they watched and waited.
At Lepanto the Ottomans now had a secure forward base on the edge of the Ionian Sea from which to conduct naval operations. During this tense time, Leonardo da Vinci arrived in the city to offer his services as a military engineer. He came with a head full of extraordinary schemes for the city’s defence – a diving suit of pig’s leather with bamboo pipes for air tubes, sketches for submarines . Whatever conversations took place came to nothing. (Two years later he was drawing up proposals to put to Sultan Bayezit for a single-span bridge across the Golden Horn.)
Çaldıran Savaşı ile Safevi Yayılmacılığının Durması
The defeat at Chaldiran ended the first phase of Safavid history. Geographically, the Safavids lost only the province of Diyar Bakr, but the momentum of expansion was gone. Ismail, who had been a charismatic, aggressive leader, became passive. He never led his troops in battle again. Of the last ten years of his reign, there is little to report. The establishment phase of the Safavid Empire ended with a Qizilbash confederation ruling Azerbaijan, Iraq, western Iran, and Khurasan. It confronted the Ottomans in the west and Uzbeks in the east and was committed to Shii Islam as the religion of the general population.
Unlike earlier wars in Europe, the Long War produced no profit. The jalali disorders disrupted the economy of much of Anatolia. The timar army cost the central treasury almost nothing in cash; the central army and the sekban required cash payment, but the dwindling number of sipahis and the need for the larger armies that only the sekban could provide forced the Ottomans to alter the provincial financial, administrative, and military structure. They transferred much of the provincial revenue from timar holders to tax farmers and used the revenue to support sekban infantry rather than sipahi cavalry. This policy reflected not the military
obsolescence of the sipahis but their dwindling numbers, the need for
larger armies, and the interests of the qapiqullar.
II. Manuel Palaiologos
Manuel babası, ağabeyi ve ağabeyinin oğlu VII. Ioannes ile çekişmeler yaşamış, defalarca iç savaşa tanık olmuştur. 1376-1379 yılları arasında Andronikos tarafından babası ve erkek kardeşi Theodoros ile Anemas Zindanı’na kapatılmıştır. Ayrıca 1382’de babasının Andronikos’u tekrar veliaht ilan etmesi üzerine babasına isyan ederek, Selanik’e gitmiş,
Genel tanımla IV. Muraď'ın 17 yıllık saltanatı iki evreye ayrılır. İlk evre, 12 yaşında tahta çıkışından itibaren, annesi Kösem Mahpeyker'in naibeliğinde geçen çocuk padişahlığıdır ki, 17-18 yaşına değin sürmüştür. Kösem Sultan, Hareme ve yönetime egemen olabilmek amacıyla bu yıllar boyunca oğlunun, "Haremden uzak" Enderûn ortamında oyalanmasını gözetmiş; Murad da bu yönlendirme nedeniyle Hasodanın genç zülüflü ağalarıyla gece gündüz eğlenmiş, spor yapmış, at binmiş, cirit, lobut müsabakalarına katılmış; o ortamdaki cinsel sapmalara eğilim göstermiş. İkinci evre, gençlik ve ataklık çağına girip iktidarı kavradığı 1630'lu yıllardır. Bu evrede de eğiliminde değişiklik olmamakla birlikte, Doğu'ya yaptığı iki büyük sefer, İstanbul dışındaki gezileri, Haremden çoğunca uzak kalmasını gerektirmiştir. The Structure of the Ottomans Dynasty'deki “IV. Murad Ailesi" tablosunda hasekilerinin adlarını veremeyen Alderson, "Eşlerinden hiçbirinin adının kaydedilmemiş olması şüphe uyandırıyor," demekle haklıdır.
Sayfa 329 - Alfa Yayıncılık, 1. Baskı: Kasım 2015 {Genişletilmiş, geliştirilmiş yeni baskı}
No other state possesses the military power of the Ottomans; the Ottomans have powerful artillery and a great maritime power; the aims of the Ottoman Sultan are 'tedbîr-i 'imâret-i rûy-i zemîn' to make the face of the world to flourish, to destroy the foes of the true Faith, and to uphold the Holy Law.
Sayfa 13
...'May I ask you a rather personal question?' 'Certainly' I said.
"Does it trouble you," he inquired, "to make your living by disrupting the lives of others?"
"We just value," I replied. "We do not decide whether to buy or to sell, or indeed what happens to a company after we have values it."
He nodded; he lit a cigarette and took a sip from his glass of wine. Then he asked, "Have you heard of the janissaries?"
"No" I said. "They were Christian boys," he explained, "captured by the Ottomans and trained to be soldiers in a Muslim army, at that time the greatest army in the world. They were ferocious and utterly loyal: they had fought to erase their own civilizations, so they had nothing else to turn to."
Sayfa 172 - PENGUIN BOOKSKitabı okudu
As soon as the 1559 Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis ended hostilities between France and the Hapsburgs, Phillip II, who had taken the thrones of Spain and Naples on the abdication of his father, Charles V, in 1555, immediately organized a major naval expedition against the corsair base at the island of Jerba, off the coast of Tunisia. The Hapsburgs conquered the island, but in 1560 the Ottoman fleet under Piyale Pasha defeated the Hapsburg fleet there. In 1565, the Ottomans attempted to conquer Malta, which had become the base of the Knights of St. John after Sulayman drove them from Rhodes. The knights, under their grand master Jean Parisot de la Valette, won renown for the epic defense. The Ottomans withdrew before a relief force arrived.
We must point out here that the Western and Eastern enemies of the Ottomans tried to establish contacts with one another. In pursuance of their designs upon the Ottomans, Timur sent letters to the French court, Uzun Hassan made an alliance with Venice, and the Safavids sent embassies to the Hapsburg of Germany and Spain. The Ottomans took great care to follow a policy of alternate war and peace in order to avoid having to fight simultaneous wars on two fronts. But during the long war against the Hapsburgs in the years of 1593-1606, Shah Abbas attack in Azerbaijan forced the Ottomans to fight on two fronts at the same time with disastrous consequences.
Sayfa 23